Gingivitis/Periodontics
Gingivitis/Periodontics
Periodontal disease is a very common disease of the oral cavity, commonly found in middle-aged and elderly people and is one of the common causes of tooth loss in adults. The disease progresses silently so it is easy to ignore and is often detected very late when the disease is already severe.
Cause of the disease:
- The growth of bacteria in dental plaque is the main cause of the disease. If you do not brush your teeth and practice good oral hygiene, dental plaque will accumulate and gradually mineralize to become tartar with an increasing amount of bacteria. Toxins created by bacteria will cause gingivitis, destroying the tissue that supports the teeth, causing the gums to gradually become less firmly attached to the tooth root surface.
Risk factors for the disease:
• Poor nutrition and oral hygiene.
• Reduced body resistance, pregnant women.
• Smoke.
• Systemic diseases such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, toxic infections...
Symptoms of the disease:
• Bleeding when brushing
• Red, swollen gums that bleed easily
• Dental plaque and tartar stick to the tooth surface , especially the tooth neck area.
• Bad breath
• Pressing on the gum pocket can see fluid or pus oozing out
• Loose, displaced teeth, pain and difficulty chewing.
- The growth of bacteria in dental plaque is the main cause of the disease. If you do not brush your teeth and practice good oral hygiene, dental plaque will accumulate and gradually mineralize to become tartar with an increasing amount of bacteria. Toxins created by bacteria will cause gingivitis, destroying the tissue that supports the teeth, causing the gums to gradually become less firmly attached to the tooth root surface.
Risk factors for the disease:
• Poor nutrition and oral hygiene.
• Reduced body resistance, pregnant women.
• Smoke.
• Systemic diseases such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, toxic infections...
Symptoms of the disease:
• Bleeding when brushing
• Red, swollen gums that bleed easily
• Dental plaque and tartar stick to the tooth surface , especially the tooth neck area.
• Bad breath
• Pressing on the gum pocket can see fluid or pus oozing out
• Loose, displaced teeth, pain and difficulty chewing.
The disease usually progresses through two stages: gingivitis and periodontitis.
With timely treatment at the stage of gingivitis, the disease will be completely cured. Otherwise, most cases will progress to periodontitis. At this stage, the chronic inflammatory process destroys the tissues supporting the teeth deep below the gums such as bone and periodontal ligament. During periodontitis, the risk of tooth loss is very high.
With timely treatment at the stage of gingivitis, the disease will be completely cured. Otherwise, most cases will progress to periodontitis. At this stage, the chronic inflammatory process destroys the tissues supporting the teeth deep below the gums such as bone and periodontal ligament. During periodontitis, the risk of tooth loss is very high.
• The most important thing is to brush your teeth regularly to remove bacterial plaque on the tooth surface and gums. Every six months, you should visit your dentist for a regular check-up and remove tartar and plaque from areas where the brush cannot clean.
• The dentist will advise on oral hygiene such as choosing a toothbrush, using dental floss correctly, and brushing between teeth to remove plaque. As well as choosing appropriate mouthwash and toothpaste to help patients ensure oral health and prevent periodontal disease.
Treatment methods for periodontal disease
a. Emergency treatment
• When there is pus (abscess) in the gum area or mucous membrane, emergency treatment will be indicated.
• Symptoms are usually redness and swelling of the mucosa, more or less pain, and palpation. The pus can be temporarily cured when the patient self-administers antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, but the disease still exists and enters a chronic state, followed by occasional acute flare-ups, recurring periodically and daily. more serious.
b. Non-surgical treatment
- Correct or replace all improper fillings and restorations.
- Evaluate and prescribe teeth that need to be extracted (cannot be saved).
- Fix teeth (if teeth are loose).
- Perform temporary restoration (if necessary).
- Scaling tartar - treating the root surface
- Applying antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
c. Surgical treatment
• Surgery is only applied when conventional treatment measures have been applied but the disease shows no signs of response. There are usually the following types:
• Surgical removal of periodontal pockets: Reduces the depth of periodontal pockets, facilitating cleaning of bacterial plaque on teeth.
• Reconstructive surgery: Bone and periodontal tissue are destroyed, forming periodontal pockets around the teeth. Periodontal pockets become deeper and deeper, containing more bacteria and destroying more bone and periodontal tissue, causing teeth to loosen more. After surgery, some bone and periodontal tissue can regenerate.
• Soft tissue graft surgery: Tooth roots are exposed as a result of gum recession. Soft tissue graft surgery will restore the damage and prevent further gum recession, which leads to the destruction of gum tissue and bone around the teeth. Surgery can be performed on one or more teeth to bring harmony to the gum line and improve tooth sensitivity.
d. Maintenance treatment
- After applying active treatment methods and the disease is stable, the patient needs to be checked, monitored, examined periodically and applied maintenance treatment for the purpose of controlling and preventing disease. disease recurrence and progression.
• Surgery is only applied when conventional treatment measures have been applied but the disease shows no signs of response. There are usually the following types:
• Surgical removal of periodontal pockets: Reduces the depth of periodontal pockets, facilitating cleaning of bacterial plaque on teeth.
• Reconstructive surgery: Bone and periodontal tissue are destroyed, forming periodontal pockets around the teeth. Periodontal pockets become deeper and deeper, containing more bacteria and destroying more bone and periodontal tissue, causing teeth to loosen more. After surgery, some bone and periodontal tissue can regenerate.
• Soft tissue graft surgery: Tooth roots are exposed as a result of gum recession. Soft tissue graft surgery will restore the damage and prevent further gum recession, which leads to the destruction of gum tissue and bone around the teeth. Surgery can be performed on one or more teeth to bring harmony to the gum line and improve tooth sensitivity.
d. Maintenance treatment
- After applying active treatment methods and the disease is stable, the patient needs to be checked, monitored, examined periodically and applied maintenance treatment for the purpose of controlling and preventing disease. disease recurrence and progression.
